Large Language Models (LLMs) or Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools should not be listed as authors. LLMs and AI do not meet the requirements for authorship since they cannot take responsibility for the submitted work.

Authors of articles and reviews for Barnboken are accountable for the originality, validity, and integrity of the content of their submissions. The use of AI tools for idea generation or to improve language and grammar do not require disclosure. All other uses of AI tools in the writing of a manuscript, production of images or graphical elements of the paper, or in the collection and analysis of data, must be reported in the methods section or another relevant section of the article. This includes describing which AI tools were used, how they were used, and the reason for using them.

In choosing to use AI tools, authors are expected to do so responsibly and in accordance with Barnboken’s editorial policies and principles of publishing ethics. This includes reviewing the outputs of any AI tools and confirming content accuracy. Authors should ensure that the AI tool is appropriate and robust for their proposed use, and that the terms applicable to such tools provide sufficient safeguards and protections, for example around intellectual property rights, confidentiality and security. 

Editors and peer reviewers may not use AI tools in any capacity during the review process, since such systems may pose a risk to confidentiality, proprietary rights and data, including personally identifiable information. Editors and peer reviewers are not allowed to upload files, images or information from unpublished manuscripts into AI tools.

For further information about the responsible use of AI tools in research, please see https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/document/2b6cf7e5-36ac-41cb-aab5-0d32050143dc_en.